At the end of this chapter the student will be able to:
• describe and explain the origin of different types of optical spectra.
• show an understanding of the existence of discrete electron energy levels
in isolated atoms (e.g. atomic hydrogen) and deduce how this leads to
spectral lines.
• explain how the uniqueness of the spectra of elements can be used to
identify an element.
• analyse the significance of the hydrogen spectrum in the development of
Bohr's model of the atom.
• explain hydrogen atom in terms of energy levels on the basis of Bohr
Model.
• determine the ionization energy and various excitation energies of an atom
using an energy level diagram.
• Solve problems and analyse information using in .. = RH [l/p2 - 1/n2
].
• understand that inner shell transitions in heavy elements result into
emission of characteristic X-rays.
• explain the terms spontaneous emission, stimulated ~mission, metastable
states, population inversion and laser action.
• describe the structure and purpose of the main components of a He-Ne gas
laser.
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